This text is a remix of an archival engagement with recordings/performances of 'freedom songs' or 'liberation songs' in a south or southern African context. The authors began this collaborative research project as part of a course in the Masters in History degree programme at the University of the Western Cape (UWC). The essay includes a re-edited, updated transcript of dialogue the authors shared along with two mix(tap)es they produced together. The conversation speaks of songs as archives, archives of song(s), and (...) memory/ies pertaining to anti-Apartheid struggle and ongoing Fallism. (shrink)

Philosophy, Iranian. ; Mysticism -- Iran. ; Islamic philosophy--Iran. ; Philosophers -- Iran.

Seven speeches on sufism. ʻAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ʻAyn al-Quḍāh al-Hamadhānī, -1131.

Critical study on Advaitatattvasudhā by N. S. Anantakrishna Sastri, work on Advaita Philosophy.

In this paper, I present a critique of taxonomic pluralism, namely the view that there are multiple correct ways to classify entities into natural kinds within a given scientific domain. I argue that taxonomic pluralism, as an anti-essentialist position, fails to provide a realist alternative to taxonomic monism, i.e., the view that there is only one correct way to classify entities into natural kinds within a given scientific domain. To establish my argument, I first explain why the naturalist approach to (...) natural kinds adopted by pluralists requires them to give up the mind-independence criterion of reality presupposed by monists. Next, I survey two types of pluralist account. I argue that, while the modest pluralist account is not pluralistic enough, the radical pluralist account fails to come up with an alternative criterion of reality that is robust enough to differentiate its position from anti-realism about natural kinds. I conclude by drawing out the implications of my critique for the essentialism/anti-essentialism debate about natural kinds. (shrink)

Critical study on Sankhya-Yoga philosophy based on Tattvayāthārthyadīpana commentary on Tattvasamāsasūtra and Bhāvāgaṇeśīyavr̥tti on Yogasūtra by Bhāvāgaṇeśa.

In this important book, a distinguished legal scholar examines how the legal culture and institutions in Anglo-American countries affect the way in which evidence is gathered, sifted, and presented to the courts.

Comprehensive Hindi commentary on the Sāṅkhyakārikā, philosophical work of the Sankhya school in Hindu philosophy, by Īśvarakr̥ṣṇa.

We can be certain that the body does not survive death. Once the heart stops circulating blood, the brain is no longer nourished and begins to decay. On the basis of medical evidence it would seem that, within a quarter of an hour, the personality is irreparably destroyed and the individual ceases to exist. But now there is mounting scientific evidence for a life after death. In At the Hour of Death, veteran psychical researchers Karlis Osis, Ph.D and Erlendur Haraldsson, (...) Ph.D collated compelling evidence that suggests we, as conscious beings, do survive physical death. This book is the product of extensive interviews of over 1,000 doctors and nurses who have been present when cases of "post-mortem existence" have occurred. Extensive computer analyses of their observations have been made. The results are reported in this first truly scientific investigation of the experiences of the dying at the hour of death. What these doctors and nurses have witnessed cannot be explained away by medical, psychological, cultural, or other conditioning. Yet it may answer the fundamental question of human existence. "Finally, a book that probes death and dying with modern research techniques. Osis and Haraldsson present compelling evidence that the deathbed is the gateway to another existence. The visions of the dying appear to be not hallucinations but glimpses through the windows of eternity." -Alan Vaughan, editor of New Realities Magazine "A major contribution to the scientific study of the question of post-mortem existence. -Raymond A. Moody, M.D., author of Life After Life. (shrink)

President Victor Yushchenko has issued a decree to the Ministry of Education and Science to develop and introduce the Ethics of Faith course in schools on September 1. What prompted him to do so is difficult to say. However, with his statement, he has given impetus to a new round of discussions on the religious education of students, which have been going on for several years.

This essay attempts to approach the dispute over the conceptualist or non-conceptualist interpretation of Husserl’s conception of intentional experience from a specific question: Is the intuitive act essentially a carrier of meaning? In the sixth Investigation, Husserl apparently tries to show that intuition is no carrier of meaning and therefore must be unified with a meaning-conferring act in order to be meaningful. But it seems to me that the brief arguments given by Husserl here are far from conclusive and that (...) there are passages in the Logical Investigations which suggest otherwise. I will try to demonstrate that the sense conferred by the interpretation in perception is not different from linguistic meaning, and therefore perception is actually a synthetic act of fulfillment and is always meaningful. The conceptualist reading is no less convincing and no less susceptible to objections than the non-conceptualist one. (shrink)

Can the turn caused by the Protestant Reformation, which started 500 years ago, be understood in all its complexity without considering its hermeneutical aspects? Does the “actuality” of the Reformation, which addresses our present-day world, not manifest itself primarily as a hermeneutical actuality, or rather the actuality of hermeneutics? These are the questions motivating my investigation on the relationship between the hermeneutical turn of Martin Luther’s Reformation and the Schleiermacherian-Gadamerian turn of modern hermeneutics, respectively on the horizontal and the vertical (...) orientation of transcendence, with special attention to the ontological status of the sacred Word and to modernity’s experience of finitude in establishing the horizontal transcendence, which will prevail again with the Reformation. In the second part of my essay, I focus on the analysis of three modernization processes ‒ methodological awareness, practical worldly rationality, and technological functionality ‒, in which the verticalization tendencies opposed to the prevalence of the horizontal transcendence, based on the mutual interconnectedness of finitude and completeness, keep on recurring and attempt to disrupt their togetherness, counteracting the hermeneutical attitude. (shrink)

The Buddhist outlook.--Self culture in Buddhism.

In the summer of 1997 one could scarcely enter a bookstore in Beijing without encountering Wang Xiaobo's pensive and defiant look on the cover of dozens of books displayed at the entrance. Wang had suddenly died in the spring of that year at the age of forty-five. Born in Beijing in 1952 to a family of intellectuals, he remained attached to China's capital despite periods of separation, such as during the Cultural Revolution, when he was sent to Yunnan to "learn (...) from the peasants" and taught in a "people-run-school" in Shandong, and also during the 1980s, when he studied in the United States . Wang always returned to Beijing, in the late 1970s to study economy and business at the People's University and in the late 1980s to teach there. After retiring in 1993, he devoted his time to writing: poetry, novels, essays, non-fiction, and a movie script. (shrink)

Background Interventions to improve ethical decision-making are available in nursing education. Evidence of its effectiveness is essential. Objective This review examined the effectiveness of interventions to improve nursing students’ ethical decision-making skills. Methods A structured search was performed in Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Elsevier, CINAHL EBSCO, and ULAKBIM. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instruments (JBI-MAStARI) was used to assess the quality of studies. Ethical considerations Ethical approval was not (...) required for this systematic review. Findings The final review was composed of six studies of published between January 2013 and 2023. Nine different teaching methods applied to students. Although the importance of ethical decision-making skills in solving ethical problems that nurses may encounter at any time is known, it is thought that there is a lack of data in the literature in the last 10 years. The last 10 years were chosen as this aims to provide a review based on the most current, relevant and quality information. The review indicated that all of the teaching methods improved ethical decision-making. Conclusion Different teaching methods can be used in the nursing education curriculum to meet the learning needs of nursing students in ethical decision-making. (shrink)

Christianity has exerted invaluable influence on all spheres of human existence, first of all spiritual. Religious systems, being the same content for many nations, have a different effect on the history and consciousness of these peoples.Religious situation in Ukraine at the end of the XVI century. is marked by complexity. After the Union of Lublin in 1569, Ukrainian Orthodoxy, along with Catholicism, became dominant in the Commonwealth. But the episcopate of the Kievan Metropolitanate, worried about increasing its own and church (...) holdings, paid little attention to the training of staff for the Orthodox Church, the education of young people. At the same time, Catholic orders that appeared in Ukraine after the union, were active missionary work. Over time, they permeated all spheres of public life of the Ukrainian people. The prestige of Orthodoxy began to fall, causing the gentry to convert to Catholicism. The situation was complicated by the so-called right of "submission" to the king and "patronage" of the gentry, especially when the "patron" of Orthodox laymen became a Catholic or Protestant. Kievan Metropolis gradually embraced church disorder. (shrink)

Muslim legal culture is becoming more relevant to modern Ukraine, which can be explained, on the one hand, by the nature of Islam and, on the other, by the peculiarities of its current state in our country. After all, the internal logic of Islam, as a universal system that encompasses both religious and secular life, as one of the components of the awakening of Islam, involves recourse to Sharia, a strict adherence to which is an unmistakable criterion for Muslims of (...) deep religious faith. On the other hand, in addition to religious revival, in the lives of Muslims, social and economic, political, national and cultural problems need to be addressed and secular. It is secular relations that led to the formation of Muslim jurisprudence and its subsequent evolution. (shrink)

This essay examines the phrase—“here, now, yes, believe me, I believe in ghosts”—a phrase uttered by Derrida in a fi lmed interview. It takes up Derrida’s avowalof belief in ghosts, not simply to explain the signifi cance of “ghosts,” simulacra, doubles, hence images, in Derrida’s work and to show their relation to death and mourning, or to merely draw an analogy between the structure of doubles or simulacra and what we may call “synthetic” images, but also to attend to the (...) alliance between the image, the ghostly, and belief. (shrink)

ABSTRACTThis study examined the performance of sixth graders in Hong Kong on a number sense three-tier test and identified their possible misconceptions about number sense. The NSTTT compri...

Since the Opium War, the traditional Chinese society has been increasingly subject to the crushing impact of the modern Western civilization. Confucianism, as the normative discourse that had prevailed over the Chinese society for more than two thousands years, had inevitably to face the Western challenge head-on. From the end of the nineteenth century onward, the influence of Confucianism as regards the actual life of the Chinese people continues to diminish, and its normative place has almost been completely taken up (...) by the modern social theories imported from the West. Some Chinese scholars, therefore, has declared that Confucianism has become a "wandering ghost". But at the same time, there are also many contemporary Confucians who try to find a new body for the "ghost" of Confucianism. At the academic domain, this kind of attempt is usually based upon some sort of "modern interpretation" of Confucianism. But paradoxically, this kind of modern interpretation usually borrows its interpretative frameworks from the West. It goes without saying that the respective backgrounds upon which Confucianism and those modern West theories arose are gravely different. Hence, these modern interpretations generally tend to abstract the discourse of Confucianism from its social and historical background and treat it as some sorts of purely abstract concepts. But even after the abstraction, this kind of modern interpretations could still hardly fit well into the discourse of Confucianism. The aim of the present treatise is to re-interpret the discourse of Confucius, by means of both careful scholarship and detailed philosophical arguments, based upon the words of Confucius himself and other informations concerning his social and historical surroundings, in order to show that the discourse of Confucius is intricately involved with its living background. The author is going to point out that the discourse of Confucius is actually not so much concerned with "metaphysics of morals" of whatsoever sort as with the order and disorder of the society. At the end of the treatise, the author will also try to re-evaluate, with reference to the recent results of scientific research, the significance of Confucianism in the modern world. (shrink)

The development of Christian thought on Heidegger can not be ignored. Heidegger was born in a conservative Catholic family, he entered college was originally a theological student. Even after he was formally separated from the Catholic system, he also regarded as a Christian theologian since. Until 1935, he was also born in the beliefs of his distress. This paper will focus on "Being and Time," presented by the theme of Christianity, Christianity is still trying to point out many of his (...) early ideas the source of important concepts. The influence of Christianity on the intellectual development of Heidegger can hardly be exaggerated. Heidegger was born in a conservative Catholic family. He first entered university as a student of theology. Even after his formal break with the system of Catholicism, he still considered himself a Christian theologian, and as late as 1935, he still had to struggle with the faith of his birth. The theme of this treatise is the Christian influence on Heidegger as it is displayed in Being and Time. It aims at showing that many important concepts in this opus magnum of Heidegger have their origin in Christian thought. (shrink)

Islam is not only a religious system that boils down to dogma and worship, but is a set of principles and norms that underpin the organization and activities of the authorities and regulate the behavior of Muslims. The status of a Muslim consists of two interconnected components: his rights and responsibilities as a believer and as a subject of civil relations. A special and main feature of Muslim law, as a part of Islam, is the interaction of religious and secular, (...) rational and irrational, spiritual and material, mainly as a system of legal norms, which is an important element of the Islamic way of life. (shrink)